My research interest falls into three interconnected strands; broadly related to immigration and social studies education. My primary research interest is social studies curriculum and pedagogy specific to immigration and immigrant students in new gateway states. In particular, examining how immigration is conceptualized by teachers, produced in curriculum and media and how these relate to teacher practices. A second strand relates to the spatial dimension of citizenship education; specifically the ways teachers conceptualize and teach civic action at the local, national, and global levels. The final strand focuses on social studies pedagogy in multiple contexts – middle level, secondary, and teacher education.