The design and implementation of constructivist, student-centered learning environments in face-to-face, online, and blended courses. Areas of research include (1) individual factors for learning in student-centered learning environments (e.g., previous knowledge and skills, beliefs about teaching and learning, self-directedness in learning, etc.) and (2) environmental factors for learning in student-centered learning environments (e.g., structures of courses, learning community, teaching styles/methods, interactions with peers, etc.)